建国以来我国教育财政思想的转变历程

Changes of the education financing concepts since the foundation of new China

建国以来,我国教育财政思想历经了"先经济后教育"、"像抓经济那样抓教育"、"教育优先发展"的演变过程。建国初期采取"先经济后教育"策略是一种必然,这与当时经济基础薄弱、财政开支巨大的社会现实密切相关;20世纪70年代末80年代初"像抓经济那样抓教育"思想的提出,标志着建国之后我国教育财政思想的转变,并取得了一定的成果,但没有从根本上解决教育投入的问题;90年代"教育优先发展战略"的确立,从根本上明确了教育的"基础工程"地位,为解决教育投入问题扫清了理念层面的障碍。

The education financing concept of economy priority is observed in the beginning of new China, and it undergoes changes with economy dominating education, education handled like economy, and education as priority. The economy priority strategy may be the only option due to the poor economic status, and huge alloca- tion of budgets. In contrast, the 1970s and 1980s witness the idea of education handled like economy, which symbolizes the change of the education financing concept but with no finalized solution to the education investment. Likewise, the concept of the education priority in 1990s settles the educational essential project, and thus clarifies education financing concepts.