民办学校财产归属是影响其发展的关键

The property right as a key to the private schools

民办学校财产归属是影响民办学校发展的关键,许多专家学者对民办学校财产归属有论述。《民办教育促进法》维护民办学校财产归属的困难是难以维护民办学校的法律权利、难以界定民办学校的合理回报、难以明晰民办学校的产权关系、难以促进独立学院的发展。为了促进民办学校的发展我们应该有选择性地做下列工作:对于义务教育阶段的学校,全部采用"学票制"(Voucher mechanism),学生可以自主选择经政府认可的任何学校,包括民办学校和公办学校;对于非义务教育阶段的教育,要严格区分民办与公办;逐步对民办学校的财产实行股份制改造,以利于清查办学财产,保证国有资产的保值和增值;推行民办学校的所有权与经营权相分离的治理机制,克服资本的寻利性和教育的公益性之间的矛盾。

The paper performs a review of the researches regarding the property right of the private schools as a key factor. In addition, the paper analyzes the Promotion Act of the Private Education and finds that it needs amendment for the defense of the property law and the legal profit of the school runners. So a proposal is offered with voucher mechanism, by which private and public schools should first be distinguished, and that the private schools are to be shareholding system.