华贵栉孔扇贝基础群体内大小分化个体的淀粉酶和纤维素酶活力比较

Comparison of amylase and cellulase activities of two size groups in a base population of Huagui scallop Chlamys nobilis

在2006年3月,从湛江乌石养殖的华贵栉孔扇贝群体随机挑选100只个体作为亲本建立了基础群体。在2006年10月,从基础群体分别选择大、小个体构成两个子群体,比较了这两个子群体在不同温度时的淀粉酶和纤维素酶活力的差异。在20℃时,两个子群体的淀粉酶活力差异不显著(P>0.05);在25℃和30℃时,大个体子群体的淀粉酶活力显著大于小个体子群体的淀粉酶活力(P<0.05)。在20、25和30℃时,大个体子群体的纤维素酶活力显著大于小个体子群体的纤维素酶活力(P<0.05)。这些说明华贵栉孔扇贝的淀粉酶和纤维素酶活力与生长性状相一致。

In March 2006, a base population of Huagni scallop Chlamys nobilis was established by randomly selecting 100 mature breeders （50 males and 50 females） from a cultivated stock in Wushi, Zhanjiang. In October 2006, large and small size individuals, were selected from the base population to form the large and small size groups. Differences in growth traits and amylase and cellulase activities at 20℃, 25℃ and 30 ℃ between the two size groups were evaluated. The results show that： （ 1 ） The large size group displayed significantly larger mean shell length, shell height and total weight than the small size group. The mean values of shell length, shell height and total weight of the large size group were 59.45 mm, 64.38 mm and 39.52 g, while those of the small size group were 38.78 mm, 42.58 mm and 13.73 g. （2） There were insignificant differences in amylase activities between the two size groups at 20℃ （P 〉 0.05 ）, but higher amylase activities was observed in the large size group. At 25℃ and 30℃, large size group displayed significantly higher amylase activities than the small size group （P 〈 0.05 ）. At 20℃, 25℃ and 30 ℃, the amylase activities of the large size group were 0.283 8 ± 0.079 5, 0.436 8 ± 0.070 1 and 0.514 2 ± 0.104 3, while those of the small size group were 0.268 5 ± 0.078 9, 0.322 6 ± 0.066 7 and 0.427 6 ± 0.116 2. （3） At 20℃, 25℃ and 30℃, the large size group had significantly higher cellulase activities than the small size group （P 〈 0.05 ）. At 20℃, 25 ℃ and 30℃, the cellulase activities of the large size group were 0.062 2 ± 0.004 3, 0.087 4 ± 0.003 5 and 0.144 8 ±0.015 3, while those of the small size group were 0.053 1 ± 0.003 2, 0.061 8 ± 0.004 3 and 0.129 4 ± 0.011 5. （4） At different temperatures, there existed significant correlations between growth traits and amylase （or cellulase） activities. The present results from our experiment indicate that faster growth is consistent with higher amylase and cellulase activities in the base population of Huagni scallop C. nobilis.