诺齐克的自然状态与罗尔斯的原初状态思想辩解

An Argument on Nozik's Natural State and Rawls' Original Condition

作为自由主义的代表,诺齐克与罗尔斯的理论在关于社会起源上分歧明显。诺齐克继承了洛克以自然状态作为产生正义社会前提,在自然状态中产生了社会组织和政府必须遵守的自然法;相反罗尔斯提出原初状态产生正义社会的组织原则,承认康德的绝对命令产生正义的道德。对这两种形式的元社会状态进行比较,能够分析出他们理论的根本差距,以及各自理论的不足。

As representatives of naturalism, Nozik and Rawls divaricate strikingly on the social origin. The former inherits Locke＇s view, of which the natural condition is the premise for justice to sprout and in it have formed the natural laws which the social organizations and governments have to abide by. Conversely, Rawls puts forward the organizing principles for the just society to form. He admits that Kante＇s absolute will brings about just moral. The comparison and contrast between the two forms of the meta-society can help us to reason out their main differences and shortcomings.