阳江天然放射性高本底地区老年痴呆患病率的调查

A survey of senile dementia in the high background radiation areas in Yangjiang, China

研究长期小剂量低剂量率电离辐射照射对老年痴呆病的影响，为研究小剂量电离辐射对中枢神经系统影响及老年痴呆的病因学提供对人类的直接观察资料。方法在中国广东省阳江高本底地区进行老年痴呆病患病率的现况调查，筛选阶段应用长谷川智力量表，确诊阶段应用老人健康状况调查专门用表。以美国精神疾病诊断和统计手册修订第３版（ＤＳＭⅢ－Ｒ）为诊断标准。结果共调查６５岁及以上老年人１０１８人，其中高本底地区５１３人，对照地区５０５人，按ＤＳＭⅢ－Ｒ为诊断标准，共确诊老年痴呆病６１例，其中高本底地区３１例，对照地区３０例。总患病率为５．９９％，高本底地区为６．０４％，对照地区为５．９４％。

Objective To evaluate the effects of long term low dose and low dose rate ionizing radiation exposure on the prevalence rate of senile dementia,further assess the effects of low dose radiation exposure on central nervous system and study the pathogen of senile dementia,and provide direct observational data of human beings. Methods\ A cross sectional study of the prevalence of senile dementia was carried out in high background radiation areas in Yangjiang,Guangdong Province,China.The survey was conducted in two stages.For the initial screening,Hasegawa Dementia Scale (HDS) was used for all subjects.In the second stage, the stage of diagnosis ,special questionnaires of healthy state of old people were used. The final diagnoses were made according to the third revised edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM Ⅲ R) of American Psychiatric Association. Results 1018 inhabitants aged 65 years and over,including 513 persons in HBRA and 505 in CA were oberved.According to DSMⅢ R,61 cases (31 cases in HBRA and 30 cases in CA)of senile dementia were diagnosed.The prevalence rates of senile dementia are 6.04% in HBRA and 5.94% in CA,the total prevalence rate being 5.99%. Conclusion\ No significant statistical difference in the prevalence rate of senile dementia between the two areas was found,suggesting that the prevalence rate of senile dementia in these areas is not associated with the high background radiation exposure.