3～6岁肥胖儿饮食与行为特点病例对照研究

MATCHED CASE-CONTROL STUDY ON DIET AND BEHAVIORS IN OBESE CHILDREN AT THE AGE OF 3-6 YEARS

[目的]探讨导致学龄前儿童肥胖的危险因素。[方法]采用病例对照1:2配对,问卷调查3～6岁168名肥胖儿童和336名正常儿童喂养、饮食及生活习惯。[结果]肥胖组4月前以混合喂养及人工喂养为主,添加辅食更早;不健康食物摄入频率、每日电视时间、零食次数均﹥对照组,每日户外活动时间﹤对照组,差异有统计学意义。肥胖组食欲、进食速度﹥对照组,睡前进食、边看电视边进食的特征更突出。条件Logistic回归分析发现,每周进食快餐、冷饮频率、食欲、进食速度是显著影响儿童发生肥胖危险因素。[结论]学龄前儿童在喂养、饮食、生活习惯方面不良因素与肥胖发生密切相关。

[Objective] To explore the risk factors of obesity among preschool children. [Methods] 168 obesity children and 336 health children were investigated with quesfiormaires by 1 ： 2 matched case-control study, and their feeding styles, diet and living habit were investigated. [ Results] The feeding styles of obesity group were mainly mixed feeding, artificial feeding and earlier adding supplementary food; When compared with the controls, intakes frequency of unhealthy foods, time of watching TV and times of snacking of obesity children were significantly higher. The appetite and speed of eating of obesity children were higher than controls, and the behaviors such as eating before sleeping and eating while watching TV were common for these obesity children. By conditional Logistic regression analysis, the study demonstrated that the times of eating fast food and ice-cream or beverage per week, good appetite and speed of eating were the risk factors for the obesity of children. [ Conclusion] The unhealthy behaviors including feeding styles, diet and living habit had closely association with the obesity of preschool children.