民工心理健康状况及影响因素的调查

SURVEY ON THE MENTAL HEALTH STATUS OF MIGRANT WORKERS AND ITS MAIN INFLUENCE FACTORS

[目的]了解民工心理健康现状及其影响因素。[方法]采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和艾森克人格量表(EPQ),随机抽取4个城市470名民工进行调查,并与国内常模进行比较。[结果]民工SCL-90的9个因子分均值都高于国内常模,差异有统计学意义(t=10.69～15.71,P﹤0.01);不同文化程度、婚姻状况的民工在总体症状上的差异有统计学意义(F=3.44,P﹤0.05;F=4.71,P﹤0.01)。民工EPQ的P、E、L分量表得分与龚氏常模的差异有统计学意义(t=8.81,-10.47,-14.75,P﹤0.01);其中,P分量表与SCL-90的抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执、精神病等5个因子呈显著正相关(r=0.30～0.37,P﹤0.05)。[结论]民工的心理健康水平低于全国正常人的平均水平;文化程度、婚姻状况与人格特征是影响民工心理健康的重要因素。

[ Objective] To explore the mental health status and its main influence factors of migrant peasants. [ Methods] By the SCL-90 and EPQ, a sample of 470 migrant peasants selected randomly from four cities in the northeast were tested and then compared with native models. [ Results ] The average scores of nine factors in SCL-90 were higher than those of native models significantly （t = 10.69-15.71, P 〈 0.01） ; There were significant difference in General Symptomatic Index of SCL-90 among migrant workers from different educational level and marriage status （F= 3.44, P〈 0.05; F = 4.71, P〈 0.01）. There was significant difference between the average scores of EPQ in Psychofieism, Extroversion - introversion and Dissimulation and those of usual models （ t = 8.81, -10.47, -14.75, P 〈 0.01 ） ： There were significant positive correlations between Psyehoticism in EPQ and Depression, Anxiety, Hostility, Phofie, Paranoid ideation and Psyehofieism in SCL-90 （t = 0.30- 0.37, P 〈 0.05）. [Conclusion] The level of mental health of migrant peasants is lower than that of ordinary people in the country ; Educational level, marriage status and personality characteristic are main factors which affect the mental health of migrant peasants.