49例产妇医院内感染回顾性分析及对策

RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS AND COUNTERMEASURE OF 49 CASES WITH PUERPERAL NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION

[目的]了解我院产科院内感染的现状,为有效预防产科院内感染提供科学依据,促进母婴健康。[方法]对2003年1月～2006年5月住院的49例产妇院内感染临床资料及相关因素进行回顾分析。[结果]2003年1月～2006年5月住院分娩1051例,发生院内感染49例,感染率4.66%,感染部位构成比剖宫产手术切口占首位为44.90%,呼吸道、手术助产会阴切口、顺产会阴切口、泌尿道、乳腺感染依次为24.49%、12.25%、8.16%、6.12%、4.08%,主要病菌是金黄色葡萄球菌和肺炎克雷伯菌。[结论]提高产科质量,降低剖宫产率,减少不必要的阴道检查,严格无菌技术操作,做好产后护理,是预防产妇医院内感染的重要措施。

[ Objective ] To investigate the state of puerperal nosocomial infection in our obstetrics, so as to provide scientific evidence to its prevention and to improve the health of mothers and their infants. [Methods] 49 cases of puerperal nosocomial infection in our obstetics from May 2003 to May 2006 were retrospectively analyzed. [ Results] 49 of the 1051 eases who delivered in hospital from May 2003 to May 2006 were diagnosed as nosocomial infection. The infection rate was 4.66%. According to the constituent ratio of the infection sites, the operative incision of uterine-incision delivery was on the top, followed by respiratory tract, the incision of vagina surgical delivery, the perineum incision during eutocia, urinary tract and mammary gland with 44.90%, 8.16%, 6.12%, 12.25% and 4.08%, respectively. The predominant bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. [Conclusion] The important measures to prevent the puerperal nosoeomial infection are to decrease unnecessary vaginal examination and put much emphasis on aseptic operation and postpartum nursing.