直肠癌的新辅助治疗

Neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer

局部晚期直肠癌单纯手术后局部复发率高，近年的随机对照Ⅲ期临床研究提示，局部晚期直肠癌的新辅助治疗可明显提高局部控制率，对于治疗后病理完全缓解者还可提高生存率，在欧美国家已成为局部晚期直肠癌的标准治疗。但化疗药物的选择、热疗等的应用等尚需进一步临床研究。

The local recurrence rate is high after operation without chemotherapy or radiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer. Recent random-control clinical phase Ⅲ studies suggest that the neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer can improve local control rate obviously and ameliorate survival rate for pathologically complete response patients. In Europe and America, the neoadjuvant therapy has been regarded as the standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer. However the choice of chemotherapy agents, the application of hyperthermia and so on will be still requested further clinical trails.