温度对中国对虾幼体生长发育与消化酶活力的影响

EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON GROWTH DEVELOPMENT AND DIGESTIVE ENZYME ACTIVITIES OF THE LARVAE OF PENAEUS CHINENSIS

本文通过计数、称重和酶学分析的实验方法研究温度对中国对虾幼体生长发育与消化酶活力的影响。实验表明，温度对中国对虾各期幼体的存活率、变态率和增重量及三种消化酶活力有明显的影响，呈一个峰值变化。在实验温度范围内随着幼体发育，温度对存活率的影响逐渐减弱，对增重量影响逐渐增大。还表明温度对其各期幼体消化酶活力的影响与食性有关，各期幼体的三种消化酶活力对环境温度有各自的适应性，适温范围为２２－２８℃，而且在幼体发育过程中，其适宜温度逐渐上升。

In this paper, the effects of temperature on growth development and digestive enzyme activities of the larvae of Penaeus chinensis are studied by means of counting, weighing and enzyme analysing. The experimental results indicate that temperature has a distinct effect on larval survival rates, metamorphosis rates, weight increments and three digestive enzyme activities of prawn, and the character shows a peak value change. In the range of experimental temperatures, the effects of temperature on survival rates decrease and on weight increments increase uith the larval growth, but the speed of growth development is low temperature is faster than in high temperature from nauplius (Ⅴ-Ⅵ) to zoea (Ⅲ) and faster in high temperature than in low temperature from zoea (Ⅲ) to postlarva (first day). This should be paid attention to during the seed breeding of prawn. Meanwhile, the effects of temperature on larval digestive enzyme activities of prawn have something to do with its feeding habits. In addition, three digestive activities of the larvae adapt themselves respectivly to the environmental temperatures. In a certain temperature, the activities of pepsin enzyme and tryptase increase with the larval growth and the activities of amylase enzyme decrease. It is concluded that the suitable temperature is 22-28℃ for breeding larvae and it increases gradually with larval growth.