青少年对青少年保健门诊服务内容的需求调查

An investigation on requirement of rural adolescents to contents of health care service in adolescent clinic

目的了解农村地区青少年对青少年保健门诊服务内容的需求,为在农村地区开展青春期保健服务提供依据。方法选取我国东、中、西部的吉林省东辽县、河北省承德县、重庆市铜梁县作为本研究的现场。整群随机抽取校内青少年、完全随机抽取校外青少年,共2734人,进行问卷调查。结果有70.6%的青少年希望青少年保健门诊能够提供心理咨询服务;男性在生殖系统发育问题、生殖器的卫生保健、避孕、性病防治相关知识和服务方面的需求普遍高于女性;随着年龄的增长,青少年对性方面的服务需求逐渐增加;校外青少年对怀孕及避孕方面的服务需求较校内青少年高。结论要重视青少年生理、心理发育的特点以及不同性别、年龄对生殖健康的需求,拓展现有青春期门诊的服务内容。青春期保健门诊不仅要针对青春期体格发育问题,还应重视和加强心理保健以及性与生殖健康问题。

Objective To learn requirement of rural adolescents to contents of health care service in adolescent clinic, so as to provide a basis for developing health care service for pubertal adolescents, Methods Every one county was selected from east（ Dongliao county in Jilin province）, middle （Chende county in Hebei province） and west （Tongliang county in Chongqin city） part of China randomly. In cluster sampling method, adolescents in school were selected and in completely randomly sampling method those adolescents out of school were selected, Totally, 2 734 adolescents were investigated with a questionnaire. Results 70, 6% adolescents hoped that adolescents＇ health care clinic could provide psychological counseling service. The requirements of male adolescents to the related knowledge and services of reproductive system development problem, health care of genital organs, contraception, prevention and treatment of STIs were more than female adolescents, As the age was increased, requirements of the adolescents to service for sexual problems were gradually increased and the requirements of those adolescents out of school to pregnancy and contraception were more than those adolescents in school. Conclusion Adolescents＇ health care clinic should emphasize on characteristics of physical and psychological developments of the adolescents and requirements of different gender of adolescents to reproductive health, and expand existing service contents of pubertal clinic. It should not only focus on problems in physical development in puberty of the adolescents, but also take more attention to psychological health care and problems in sexual and reproductive health.