子宫内膜自然杀伤细胞与人类生殖

Uterine NK cells and human reproduction

人类子宫内膜含有大量的CD56bright大颗粒自然杀伤细胞,它的产生可能受到多种激素的调节。子宫内膜自然杀伤细胞在表型和功能上有别于外周血自然杀伤细胞。子宫内膜自然杀伤细胞不表达CD16和CD3,对靶细胞K562具有较低的杀伤活性,并显示出独特的基因表达类型。目前,世界范围内的学者都致力于子宫内膜自然杀伤细胞在生理、病理学上的研究。非孕子宫内膜自然杀伤细胞周期性变化已被认为是子宫内膜周期性更新及月经期脱落中的一个环节。在正常妊娠过程中,子宫内膜自然杀伤细胞通过产生细胞因子、趋化性细胞因子、血管生成因子等起到有利于妊娠的作用。该文现对其起源、激素调节以及在生殖相关方面的作用研究作以综述。

Large number of CD56 macroaggregated natural killer （NK） cells exist in human uterus and its production may be regulated by many hormones. These uterine NK cells （uNK） are phenotypically and functionally distinct from the NK cells in peripheral blood （pNK） as they do not express CD16 or membrane CD3 and have a lower cytolytic activity against target K562 cells, and show an unique gene expression mode. At present, scholars worldwide made great efforts to study physiopathological functions of uNK cells, The cyclic variation of uNK cells in the nonpregnant endometrium has been interpreted as involvement of these cells in the cyclic renewal and menstrual breakdown of the endometria. In normal pregnancy, it appears that they play beneficial roles in pregnancy by properly secreting cytokines, chemokines and angiogenic factors. This review summarized origin, hormonal regulation and roles of uNK cells in human reproduction.