靶场光电经纬仪数据融合处理方法

Research on Flight-path Data Fusion of Multi-theodolite in Aviation Weapon Test

在靶场武器试验中,为了获得完整的弹道参数,常常采用多台光电经纬仪联合观测,对目标实施跟踪定位,这样就出现了多个冗余观测,影响对目标的判决。提出一种组网布站测量中光电经纬仪数据融合处理的方法。首先对多站观测数据进行时间和空间配准,将其统一到某一基准坐标系原点和参考时间起点,然后采用最优加权融合估计或最小二乘融合估计,获得目标的精确位置。对两种数据融合处理方法进行了实际测试与仿真实验。结果表明:k台光电经纬仪对同一目标交会测量,最优加权融合估计测量精度至少提高了k倍,计算量小,可用于实时中心融合和目标引导。最小二乘融合估计方法对坐标x,y,z所作的融合估计精度较高,一般小于0.2 m,但计算量大,适合于事后精确处理。

In order to obtain full trajectory data, several theodolite measurement stations are worked together for target positioning in aviation weapon test, this brings observation redundancy and then affects target positioning. The target estimation accuracy of two fusion methods, optimum weighed fusion and least-squares fusion, was analyzed. In the first, observation filght-path data of multi-theodolite were adjusted to the same reference coordinator system and time axis,then,these data were weighted and fused into the final estimate,or they were fused using least-squares estimation. And at last, the position estimation of target was obtained based on the fused data of multi-theodolite. Simulation and weapon test give the feature and applicability of these two fusion methods. Optimum weighed fusion method can increase the positioning accuracy of k theodolites by √k times. It has small computational cost and is adapted for real-time target guidance, least-squares fusion method can improve the estimation accuracy of target coordinator x, y, z to a value less than 0. 2 m, but it has huge computational cost and is adapted for off-time precision data processing.