中国对虾3种育种模式的BLUP遗传评定分析

BLUP genetic assessment and simulation of three breeding modes in Fenneropenaeus chinensis

设计了3种育种模式,精细育种模式(A)、全同胞育种模式(B)和群组育种模式(C),分别利用不同的系谱信息(所有系谱、全同胞、群组),考虑不同的遗传力水平,在家系和个体水平上进行选择效果的对比分析。采用单性状动物模型,考虑各家系标记时的平均体重为协变量,通过BLUP法估计个体体重育种值。家系选择水平上的结果表明,利用全同胞育种模式选取的家系(50%的淘汰率)与精细育种模式相比,一致率在90%以上,估计的家系育种值与精细育种模式间的相关系数在0.9以上,相关程度高。在个体选择水平上,全同胞育种模式与精细育种模式间存在着较大差距。以10%的留种率为标准,前者留取的个体与后者的一致率在68.61%～83.21%。全同胞育种模式估计的个体育种值与精细育种模式间的相关系数在0.770～0.935之间,低于家系选择水平的相关程度。群组水平上的比较分析表明,利用群组育种模式选取的群组(50%的淘汰率)与精细育种模式相比,除C5为90.91%外,其余模式一致率均为100%。群组育种模式估计的育种值与精细育种模式间的相关系数在0.98以上,相关程度高。这说明通过群组育种模式选取的群组,准确可信度高。与精细育种模式相比较,在个体水平上群组育种模式估计的个体育种值和其排队顺序是存在较大差别的。以10%的留种率为标准,群组育种模式与精细育种模式相同留种个体的百分比在57.66%～85.40%。群组育种模式估计的个体育种值与精细育种模式间的相关系数在0.772～0.941之间。相对于精细育种模式,采用群组育种模式进行个体选择的可信度要低一些。

Three breeding modes,including half-sib breeding（A）,full-sib breeding（B）and group breeding（C）were designed,and the effects of individual and family selection based on simulation of three breeding strategies were compared and analyzed at different levels of heritability.Breeding value for weight was calculated by single trait animal model and BLUP,and average family body weight was used as a covariate.Over 90% of selected families（50% families selected）by either A or B strategy were the same for family level selection,and the correlation coefficients for their family breeding values of body weight were all more than 0.9 at different levels of heritability,indicating for a high degree of correlation between the two modes of family selection.However,there were great difference for individual selection between A and B strategies,for which 68.61%~83.21% of the selected individuals（at a standard individual selection ratio of 10%）were the same.The correlation coefficient of the breeding values for individual body weight between the two modes varied between 0.770 ~ 0.935,and was lower than family selection between A and B.The ratio of uniformity for groups selected（50% group selection ratio）between C and A modes were 100% except C5,and correlation coefficients for their group breeding values of body weight were all more than 0.98 at different levels of heritability,indicating that the groups selected by group breeding mode（C）was accurate and authentic.However,there were big differences between C and A modes for individual selection,in terms of the breeding values and their sequence.The uniformity ratio of individuals selected（at a standard of 10% selection ratio）by C and A modes was between 57.66%~85.40% at different levels of heritability.The correlation coefficient of breeding values of individual body weight between the two modes varied between 0.772~0.941.Compared with A mode,C mode was less reliable for individual selection.