应用BLUP法对中国对虾一代选择的遗传进展

Genetic gain for one generation BLUP selection of Chinese shrimp Fennropenaeus chinensis

为了评估中国对虾最佳线性无偏预测(Best liner unbiased prediction,BLUP)的育种效果,利用2005年评估的个体育种值,组建3个高育种值家系为实验组,3个平均值育种值家系为对照组,进行了生长对比测试。2006年,6个家系的苗种经过独立培育、中间暂养,体重达到1g左右时用荧光标记进行了标记,标记后的幼虾同时放养于对虾养殖池中。在生产养殖池中养殖63d后进行生长性状的测定。BLUP法预测结果显示,中国对虾一代选育后的预期遗传进展为0.78g,相对于选育前全群的平均值6.68g提高了约11.68%。实际对比测试结果表明,高育种值家系后代平均体重为21.55g,平均育种值家系的平均体重为19.03g,选育一代的体重提高13.28%。结果表明,BLUP育种技术对中国对虾生长性状的选育效果显著。

A growth comparison experiment was carried out on F1 of Fennropenaeus chinensis to evaluate the genetic gain of BLUP（best linear unbiased prediction）breeding method.Based on individual breeding value estimation of 2005,three families with high breeding values were constructed as treatments,and three families with medium breeding values were used as control.Offspring of the six families were cultured separately through the larval and juvenile stages in 2006,and were fluorescence-tagged when they reached a body weight of 1 g.The shrimps were tagged with a unique family code by injecting different colours of＂Visible Implant Fluorescent Elastomers＂（VIE）before being stocked in one grow-out pond.Growth of these shrimps was measured after 63 d.The expected genetic gain of the growth trait by BLUP method was 0.78 g,representing an 11.68% increase compared to the average value of the population before selective breeding（6.68 g）.Result of measurement showed an average weight gain of 21.56 g for offspring of the high breeding value families,and 19.03 g for offspring of the medium breeding value families,representing a 13.28% increase of body weight in F1.It is suggested that,BLUP breeding technology was effective for selecting growth traits of F.chinensis.