大城市无信号控制人行横道行人过街延误分析

Delay Analysis of Pedestrians Crossing Un-signalized Crosswalks in Big Cities

从心理学角度,以大城市无信号控制人行横道过街行人为研究对象,对行人过街延误进行定量分析研究。以北京市两个典型无信号控制人行横道为实例进行交通调查分析,计算行人的临界穿越间隙,安全穿越间隙出现的概率,及行人穿越该处的总延误时间。计算结果表明:观测路段车流中提供的安全穿越间隙的概率比较低;行人强行穿越的重要原因是行人过街延误超出了行人等待心理极限;验证了模型的精度;找出了观测路段交通秩序混乱的原因。针对大城市无信号控制人行横道的分析结果,提出了具体的改进建议和交通改善措施,为国内大城市行人交通安全管理提供了决策依据和有益参考。

From the view of psychology, the crossing delay of pedestrians crossing un-signalized crosswalks in big cities was quantitatively analyzed. By taking two typical uncontrolled crosswalks in Beijing as examples, a traffic investigation was made. Then, the critical crossing gap of pedestrian, the probability of safely crossing the gap and the total delay time of pedestrian were computed. The results show the probability of safely crossing gap is low in observed location ; the cause for pedestrians to get across coercively is that the crossing delay of pedestrian exceeds the waiting psychological limit of pedestrians. Finally, the precision of this model was testified, and the reasons for the bad traffic in observed location were found out. Besides, according to the analysis results, corresponding measures for improving traffic in uncontrolled crosswalks were put forward, which offered reference for pedestrian traffic management in big cities.