中度以上听力障碍患儿早期听力干预效果分析

Outcome Study of the Early Intervention of Infants and Young Children with Hearing Loss Greater than Moderate Degree

目的研究新生儿普遍听力筛查中确诊为中度以上听力障碍的婴幼儿接受早期干预后的效果。方法2001年11月至2005年6月在上海市儿童听力障碍诊治中心接受听力学评估的听力障碍患儿,在出生后6个月开始接受听力干预,并进行听力学跟踪随访,共计20人为干预组,同样接受听力学评估而不愿接受干预者36人为未干预组,随机选取听力正常年龄相仿的36人为对照组,采用视觉强化行为测听评估他们的耳聋程度,Gesell发育量表评估语言发育得分,并进行统计学分析。结果干预组裸耳平均听阈为73.81±20.63 dB HL,干预后平均听阈为24.33±10.92 dB HL,Gesell语言发育商数得分为92.25±17.32分;未干预组平均听阈为70.47±22.43dB HL,Gesell语言发育商数得分为70.44±29.99分;对照组平均听阈为15.20±6.02 dB HL,Gesell语言发育商数得分为100.29±8.86分。中度耳聋以上干预组与未干预组平均听阈与语言发育商数得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论中度以上听力障碍婴幼儿早期干预效果良好,其听觉及言语能力明显高于未干预听障儿。

Objective To study the outcomes of the early intervention of infants and young children with hearing loss greater than moderate degree. Methods Infants and young children, born from Nov 2001 to Jun 2005 in Shanghai and failed UNHS, were included in this study. They accepted audiometric evaluations in Shanghai Children＇s Hearing and Speech Center. For those diagnosed with hearing loss greater than moderate degrees, 20 of them were intervened at 6 months and followed up subsequently. Other 36 subjects were not intervened at 6 months old but followed up also. Their hearing losses and speech development were analyzed for statistical study. Results For the group intervened, the average hearing threshold was 24.33±10.92 dB HL, and scores from the Gesell Developmental Scale was 92.25±17.32. For the group without intervention, the average hearing threshold was 70.47±22. 43 dB HL and scores from the Gesell Development Scale was 70.44±29.99. Statistically significant differences （P 〈0.05） were noted in the average hearing threshold and the developmental scores between the two groups. Conclusion Early intervention is effective for infants and young children with hearing loss greater than moderate degree. Their speech development is noticeably fast than that of those without any intervention.