四川省12岁儿童口腔健康状况调查报告

An oral health survey among 12 years old children in Sichuan Province

目的调查四川省12岁儿童口腔健康现状,监测龋病和牙周疾病患病趋势,为四川省口腔卫生保健规划和决策提供信息和依据。方法按照《第三次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查方案》,采用多阶段分层等容量随机抽样的方法,抽取四川省12岁城乡儿童常住人口720人,男女各半,检查恒牙龋和牙周情况。数据采用SPSS13.0软件统计。结果12岁年龄组儿童龋均0.5,患龋率25.7%。龋补充填比F/(D+F)6.7%,城市高于农村(P<0.01)。窝沟封闭率0.7%,农村为0。显著性龋均指数1.47,73.40%的恒牙龋分布于12.74%的儿童中。牙龈出血检出率76.3%,牙石检出率72.0%,人均7.5颗牙齿有牙龈出血,9.9颗牙齿有牙石。农村均高于城市(P<0.01)。结论调查人群患龋率较低,但龋病预防与治疗情况差,龋病主要集中在少数高危儿童;农村儿童牙周状况差,农村口腔保健工作亟待加强。口腔卫生保健工作应趋向区域性、合理性、系统性。

Objective To investigate the oral health status among 12 -year- old children in Sichuan province and monitor the tendency of dental caries and periodontal disease. To update the information and guide for oral health care program. Methods Based on The Third National Oral Health Investigation criteria, the dental caries, gingival bleeding and dental calculus were surveyed by using multistage, stratified, quota - sampling of 720 children born and living in Sichuan Province. The sample included the same number of boys and girls. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS13.0 statistical package. Results The DMFT increment was 0.5 and the rate of caries experience was 25.7% among 12 - year - old children. F/（ D ＋ F） was 6.7%. There was a significant difference between children living in urban and rural areas （ P 〈0.01）. The rate of sealant was 0.7 in the city and0 among children living in rural areas. SiC is 1.47. 73.40% of dental caries were distributed among 12.74% of the children. The gingival bleeding and dental calculus detection rate were 76.3% and 72.0% respectively. Average was 7.5 and 9.9 respectively. The prevalence and average were significant higher in rural areas than those in urban areas（ P 〈0.01 ）. Conclusion The prevalence of dental caries was low. However, few children had the majority of dental caries. The periodontal condition was poor among children living in rural areas. Oral hygiene should be improved urgently in rurcl areas. Try to make the oral health service regional, rational and systematical.