国家与市民社会理论视野中的村民自治改革——从国家与市民社会的良性结构性互动关系出发

Villagers’ Self –Governance in Theoretical Perspective of Nation and Civil Society——Starting from the Good Structural Interaction between Nation and Civil Society

国家与市民社会的"良性结构性互动说"为村民自治改革的未来发展提供了方向。在国家与市民社会理论视野下,村民自治改革不仅在现实层面上推动了国家与社会的分离,而且也实现了国家与社会关系的制度化重构。但村民自治改革作为一种内生的政治发展过程也引发了越来越多的具有中国特色的理论和实践问题。因此,要推行以村民自治为基础的多元化社会自治,建构市民社会的广泛社会基础;同时对以村民自治权为基础的社会自治权与国家公权进行明确的法律界分,并为社会自治权提供侵权法律救济,从而在组织形态和权力形态上实现社会与国家的良性结构性互动。

The ＂good structural interaction between nation and civil society＂ gives a development direction for villagers＇ self-governance reform in China. In the theoretical perspective of nation and civil society, the villagers＇ self-governance reform not only promotes the division between nation and society at the realistic level, but also realizes the institutional reconstruction of the relation between nation and society. However, villagers＇ self-governance reform, as an internal political developing process, also causes more and more theoretical and realistic problems with Chinese characteristics. Therefore, we should promote multiple social self-governances on the base of villagers＇ self-governance and construct wide social foundation for civil society. At the same time, we should make a clear legal distinction between social self-governance right on the base of villagers＇ self-governance right and national public right and provide legal relief for social self-governance right. In this way, we can achieve good structural interaction between nation and civil society in the organization form as well as power form.