肾细胞癌靶向治疗研究现状

Recent Progress in Targeted Therapy for Renal Cell Carcinoma

肾细胞癌被认为是最难治的恶性肿瘤之一。由于对肾细胞癌分子发病机制研究的进一步深入,在晚期肾细胞的治疗中出现了一系列成功范例。在过去20年,非特异性免疫治疗被认为是晚期肾细胞癌治疗标准。近年,随着分子靶向药物的研发和临床使用,肿瘤的分子靶向治疗已成为肿瘤治疗的研究热点,同时由于对肾细胞癌进一步了解,肾细胞癌的治疗已开始转向抗-血管内皮生长因子及其相关通路研究,大量的临床研究试验,证明了分子靶向治疗在晚期肾细胞癌的疗效,其中Sorafenib(索拉非尼)和Sunitinib(舒尼替尼)分别于2005年和2006年经美国FDA批准用于晚期肾细胞癌。本文将围绕VEGF在肾细胞癌的重要性和Bevacizumab(贝伐单抗)、Sunitinib和So-rafenib治疗晚期肾细胞癌研究进展等问题进行简要阐述。

Renal cell carcinoma （RCC） is regarded as one of the most difficult malignant tumors to cure. A better understanding of the molecular mechanism of RCC has led to a dramatic paradigm shift in the treatment of patients with metastatic disease. In the past 20 years, a nonspecific immune approach using cytokines has been employed, but recently, with the development of new drugs and clinical experiments, targeted therapy for cancer has become a hot topic. Meanwhile, the treatment for RCC has developed to a molecular-targeted approach against vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） and related pathways. A large number of clinical trials have demonstrated favorable effects of targeted therapy on patients with metastatic RCC. Sorafenib and Sunitinib were approved by the FDA to treat advanced RCC in the USA in 2005 and 2006, respectively. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current management of RCC and to discuss potential future directions in the treatment of metastatic RCC.