词汇的评价潜势和语境

Lexical Appraisal Potential and Context

根据词汇语义中描述意义和评价意义的组合情况,把词汇大致分成三类,即一般评价词汇、具体评价词汇和描述性词汇。分析这三类词汇的评价潜势,可以发现评价理论对它们的评价潜势估计不足。要充分揭示词汇在具体语篇中的评价功能,必须着眼于语境中动态构的评价意义,而不仅仅是编码在词汇语义中的评价意义。

According to the different ways in which the descriptive meaning and evaluative meaning are combined in the lexical semantic meaning, lexical items can be roughly divided into three types： words of general evaluation, words of specific evaluation and words of description. The analysis of the appraisal potentials of the three types of words reveals that Appraisal Theory does not reflect the full appraisal potentials of these words. In order to find out the actual evaluative function of the lexical items, not only the evaluative meaning encoded in lexical meaning but also the evaluative meaning temporarily constructed in the context should be carefully examined.