被动吸烟对办公室工作女性血管内皮功能的影响

Effects of passive smoking on vascular endothelial function in office women

目的探讨被动吸烟对市、乡级办公室工作的青年女性血管内皮功能的影响。方法将36例市级（城市组）、58例乡级（乡镇组）体检时健康，同时有被动吸烟史的办公室女性按被动吸烟的时间分为3组：A组每天被动吸烟1～8支，B组每天被动吸烟9-15支，C组每天被动吸烟〉15支。检测肱动脉充血反应试验和硝酸甘油试验引起的肱动脉内径变化。对照组为体检健康、无被动吸烟史的女性20例。结果城市组与乡镇组每日被动吸烟超过8支者，城市组为13例，乡镇组为38例（X^2=7．739，P=0．005），差异有统计学意义。肱动脉充血反应试验引起的肱动脉内径变化，A、B、C组与对照组比较血管扩张率降低，C组与A、B组比较血管扩张率降低。结论被动吸烟可以引起办公室女性血管内皮功能的受损。

Objective To explore the effects of passive smoking on vascular endothelial function in office women. Methods Totally, 94 healthy office women volunteers from urban （36 women） and townships or towns （58 women） were divided into three groups based on the extent of their daily exposure to passive smoking, group A exposed to one to eight cigarettes, group B exposed to nine to 15 cigarettes, and group C exposed to more than 15 cigarettes, respectively, with 20 healthy young women without exposure to passive smoking as controls. Internal diameter of the brachial artery was measured by color Doppler ultrasound scanning for each of the participants and its changes were observed before and after congestive reaction of the brachial artery test and nitroglycerin test. Results Thirteen of 36 office women from urban and 38 of 58 from townships or towns exposed to passive smoking of more than eight cigarettes daily, with chi-square of 7.74, P = 0. 0054. The brachial artery in groups A, B and C dilated less than that in the controls did. The brachial artery in group C dilated less than that in the groups A and B did. Conclusion Passive smoking could damage vascular endothelial dilatation function in office women.