长期肠内营养置管途径:经皮内窥镜引导下胃造口术

Long-term Enteral Feeding via Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy

自1980年首例报告经皮内窥镜引导下胃造口术(PEG)以来,该方法已在国外广泛应用于吞咽困难、需要长期肠内营养支持的患者。进食困难患者肠内营养置管喂养超过3～4周以上就应考虑PEG,但由于诸多原因该方法在国内使用尚不普遍。本文介绍了PEG的适应证和益处,及可能发生的风险、局限性、禁忌证和并发症,尤其是危重患者。

Since it was described in 1980, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy （PEG） has been a widely used method for insertion of a gastrostomy tube in overseas patients who are unable to swallow or maintain adequate nutrition. PEG should be considered when enteral feeding is necessary for longer than 3-4 weeks in difficulty eating patients. However, this method is still not widely used in China. This article discribes the indications and benefits of this method. Its possible risks, limitations, contraindications, and complications should also be considered in patients with severe diseases.