几种颅骨修补材料的性能比较

Property comparison of various skull repair materials

不同种类颅骨修补材料性能及临床应用效果不尽相同。金属材料最早被应用于颅骨修补,但后来发现大多数金属物质可被腐蚀、可导热;非金属骨替代物中有机玻璃曾经被普遍应用但生物相容性差皮下积液感染率高,现在已经很少应用;骨水泥组织相容性好但不易被吸收,只应用于部分颅骨的修补;医用硅胶价格便宜,疗效好,但局部感染、材料裸露,术后外观欠佳;经过对比发现钛因其良好的生物相容性可与颅骨结合,使其应用得到了进一步研究,具备较好的应用前景,但也存在很多不足之处。随着生物工程研究的不断深入,骨组织工程、软骨组织工程、角膜组织工程等研究的深入将会为颅骨修补材料的开拓提供更广阔的前景。本文通过对不同种类颅骨修补材料性能及临床应用的比较,寻找生物相容性良好,临床效果最佳的颅骨修补材料。

Different materials for skull repair possess varying properties and clinical effects. Metal materials are the first to be applied, but most of them induce corrosion and heat conduction; Non-metal bone substitutes, such as organic glass, have ever been commonly used, but the poor biocompatibility and high infection rate of subcutaneous exudation limit their application; Bone cement shows good histocompatibility, but the repair scale is not complete; Medical silica gel is cheap and effective, but the appearance is not satisfactory resulting from local infections and material exposures; Titanium possesses good biocompatibility and well junctures with the skull, thus it is a promising materials although the shortages still remain. With the development of bioengineering research, the skull repair materials will open up concerning the study of bone tissue engineering, cartilage tissue engineering and cornea tissue engineering. This paper is aimed to search a well-biocompatible and clinically effective material for the skull repair by the comparison on the property and clinical application of varying materials.