舟山口岸出入境远洋渔民艾滋病知识宣传教育前后知晓率调查分析

A Survey on HIV/AIDS Knowledge Coverage Rate of Pre-and Post Health Education among Pelagic Fishenmen at Zhoushan Port

〔目的〕探索对远洋渔民进行艾滋病健康教育的有效办法,在远洋渔民中普及艾滋病防治知识,减少高危行为的发生,避免艾滋病的传播。〔方法〕选取2004—2006年由舟山口岸出境的远洋渔民为调查对象,分为对照组和干预组,其中干预组在出境前采取各种宣传方式进行艾滋病相关知识的教育。在入境时对2组进行问卷调查,比较各调查组的艾滋病知晓率。〔结果〕干预组和对照在进行干预前的总知晓率差异无显著性;干预组干预后总知晓率和各项知晓率较干预前均有明显提高,与对照组进行比较,差异均有统计学意义;对照组的出境前和入境后总知晓率进行比较,差异无显著性。调查发现调查对象对VCD录像片和卫生知识宣传窗最为满意。〔结论〕通过采取各种健康教育方法取得了较好的教育效果,尤其是播放艾滋病知识VCD录像片和卫生知识宣传窗有更好的效果。可以提高远洋劳务人员对艾滋病的认识,加强自我保护意识,避免或减少高危行为的发生。

Objective To explore the effective means of HIV/AIDS education to contain the HIV spreading in pelagic fisherman through popularizing the HIV/AIDS knowledge and reducing the risk behavior. Method Fishermen leaving the country at the Zhoushan port during the year of 2004-2006 were enrolled in the study and divided into study group and control group. A various type of HIV/AIDS education was conducted for the study group before the subjects leaving the country. While entering the country, a questionnaire survey was conducted in the two groups and the HIV/AIDS knowledge coverage rate was compared. Result There was no significant difference in the overall knowledge coverage rate between the control and the study group before the intervention. For the study group, both of the overall knowledge coverage rate and correct answer to each individual item were significantly improved after intervention; While, these statistical differences had not be observed in the control group. This survey also released that recorded video tape and health information window were overwhelmingly appreciated by most respondents. Conclusion We have obtained better education effect through various health education methods, in particular, by the recorded video tape and health information window. These methods could increase subject＇ HIV/AIDS awareness, strengthen their consciousness of self-protection and avoid/reduce their HIV risk behaviors.