儿童过敏性紫癜80例临床分析

Clinical analysis of allergic purpura in 80 cases children

目的探讨儿童过敏性紫癜的临床特点，及早确诊。方法回顾性分析80例过敏性紫癜患儿的临床资料，并予以统计分析。结果80例AP患儿男女比例1．35：1，3～7岁67例（83．75％）；9月份至次年2月份发病高峰期，53例；有呼吸道感染谤因51例（63．75％）；80例均有皮肤症状，误诊为荨麻疹2例；消化道症状60例（75％），误诊为急性胃肠炎、阑尾炎、肠系膜淋巴结炎共3例；关节症状51例（63．75％），1例误诊为风湿性关节炎；肾脏症状12例（15％）。结论临床特点为紫癜，常伴有关节肿痛、腹痛、便血、血尿和蛋白尿。多发于2—8岁的儿童，男孩多于女孩，一年四季均有发病，以春秋二季居多。非典型病例应详细询问病史、全面体查，做好鉴别诊断，密切观察病情变化，及早确诊，及时治疗。

Objective To study the clinical features of allergic purpura for early diagnosis. Methods 80 patients with allergic purpura were retrosperetively and statistically analyzed. Results The ratio of boys to girls in 80 cases was 1.35 to 1. 67 ones （ 83.75% ） were 3 - 7 years old. 53 patients in 80 cases with allergic purpura with onset occurred between September to February in next year. 51 cases （63.75%） had a history of upper respiratory tract infection before the disesase, 1 misdiagnosised as rheumatic arthritis. All patients presented purpura, 2 misdiagnosised as urticaria; 60 （75%） presented digestive syndrome, 3 misdiagnosised as acute enteritis, appendicitis, mesentery lymphadenitis ;51 （63.75%） presented joint syndrome; 12 （15%） presented kidney syndrome. Conclusion Clinical features were purpura, accompany with joint pain, abdominal pain, hematochezia, macroscopic hematuria and podocyte molecules. It always occured in 2 - 8 years old＇s children. It occurred much in boys than girls. It could occur all seasons, and much in sting and autumn. Atypical cases should be paid more attention for early diagnosis and therapy on health history, general body examination, differential diagnosis, disease condition.