预见性护理对吸入性呼吸道损伤行气管切开的临床研究

Clinical effect of foreseeing nursing of tracheotomy with inhalation injury

目的总结吸入性损伤病人实施气管切开的预见性护理经验，完善其护理措施。方法对2004年1月-2007年6月收治的112例吸入性损伤病人，在确诊为吸入性损伤的初期，气管切开前、后，拔管时与拔管后等时相进行预见性护理，一旦发现病人有气管切开指征，在做好护理急救的同时及时报告医生。结果112例患者中，10例重度吸入性损伤病人均在预见性护理信息提示下实施气管切开，轻度和中度病人未实行气管切开手术；本组除2例大面积烧伤（93％和96％TBSA）早期死亡外，其余均治愈。结论吸入性损伤的主要治疗与护理原则在于保持呼吸道通畅和是否实施气管切开与何时切开，预见性护理可为临床诊断治疗提供重要信息，有效防止呼吸道堵塞和并发症的发生。

Objective To sum up the experience in nursing burn patients complicated by inhalation injary and to be subjected to tracheotomy with fore seeing nursing measures. Method 112 patients inhalation injury were nursed by taken foreseeing measures at different stages, Such as at the early staqe of diagnosis, before and after tracheotomy, before and after removing the conulg, et al, once the indication of tracbeotomy emerged, treatment and nutsing should be stated and the doctor should be informed timely. Result Among the 112 cases, 10 cases had severe inhalation injery, under foreseeing nursing they were subjected to trach eotomy as the indication of treacheotomy emerged, patients with moderate and slight inhalation injury did not receive the peration, All the patients were cured, except two patients with large erea burn （93 % ,96% TBSA） died at the eary stage. Conclusion The principle of nursing of inhalation jujary is to keep the tracheotomy should be perfomed,Forseeting nursing can provide important imforemention to make the decision and to prevey respiratory tract obstruction and other complicalions.