尿α_1微球蛋白测定对毛细支气管炎肾损害早期诊断的价值

Clinical value of urinary α_1-microglobulin determination in the early diagnosis of renal damage complicated by bronchio-litis

目的探讨毛细支气管炎肾脏损害的发生率及尿α1微球蛋白测定的价值。方法对毛细支气管炎、普通型肺炎患者及健康对照组分别测定尿α1微球蛋白和尿常规,毛细支气管炎及普通型肺炎患者同时测定血尿素氮,并将三组测定结果进行对比分析。结果毛细支气管炎组α1微球蛋白异常率为16.5%,普通型肺炎异常率为4.2%,健康对照组为0.8%,三组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);毛细支气管炎组三种测定方法的异常率分别为α1微球蛋白16.5%、尿常规蛋白定性2.5%、血尿素氮0.8%,三者之间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论毛细支气管炎肾脏损害的发生率明显高于普通型肺炎,尿α1微球蛋白测定与尿常规蛋白定性和血尿素氮测定比较,是早期诊断肾脏损害更敏感的指标。

Objective To investigate the incidence of renal damage complicated by bronchiolitis and the clinical value of urinary α1-microglobulin determination. Methods All subjects were divided into bronchiolitis group, ordinary pneumonia group and healthy control group. Urinary α1-microglobulin and urine routine were determined in the three groups, while blood urea nitrogen was measured in bronchiolitis group and ordinary pneumonia group. The detective results were compared and analyzed. Results The rate of urinary α1-microglobulin abnormality was 16.5 %, 4.2% and 0. 8% in bronchiolitis group, ordinary pneumonia group and healthy control group respectively. The differences were significant among the three groups （P〈0.01）. In bronchiolitis group, the abnormal rate of α1-microglobulin, urine protein and blood urea nitrogen was 16.5%, 2.5% and 0.8% respectively, and the differences were statistically significant （P〈0.01）. Conclusion The incidence of renal damage is significantly higher in bronchiolitis patients than that of ordinary pneumonia ones. Urine α1-microglobulin measurement is more sensitive in early detection of renal damage than urine protein qualitation test and blood urea nitrogen determination.