“卡塔西斯”的别一种解读

Another Analysis of "Catharsts"

"卡塔西斯"(catharsis)的含义,由于亚里士多德的疏忽而引起后学者诸多解释。"净化说"由于其建构的前提不具有普遍性而没能无懈可击地说清"卡塔西斯"的作用。"陶冶说"由于其以"中庸"平衡为基础,而中庸、平衡并非获得美感的唯一途径,所以"陶冶说"也并非尽善尽美。"宣泄说",是从生理和心理的角度来解释"卡塔西斯",人的情感需要宣泄,但悲剧绝不是最好的宣泄方式,所以,"宣泄说"也不尽如人意。而笔者认为,"卡塔西斯"在终极意义上只是一种快感,一定的审美距离是"卡塔西斯"的产生的必要条件;一定的理性意识、人类的正义感和道德感是"卡塔西斯"产生的主体心理条件。

The meaning of Catharsts, due to the negligence of Aristotle, incurred various explanations from recent scholars. ＂The Theory of Purity＂ did not clearly explain the functions of Catharsts for the reason that the preposition of this composition is not common enough. With relation to ＂the Theory of Edifier＂, it is based on the middle balance which is assumed to be not the only avenue to achieve the aesthetic feeling. As a result, ＂the Theory of Edifier＂ is not perfect. ＂The Theory of Catharsis＂ is used to physically and psychologically analyze Catharsts. The sensibility of people needs catharsis, however, tragedy is never the best way of catharsis. Accordingly, this ＂theory of Catharsis＂ is not our expectations as well. Nevertheless, the author considers that ＂ Catharsts＂ is only a kind of large charge in the ultimate meaning. A certain aesthetic distance is the necessary condition for ＂Catharsts＂; while the main psychological condition of generating ＂Catharsts＂ is a certain rational consciousness, the sense of justice from humanbeing and the sense of morality.