维持性血液透析病人亲属心理特点及干预对策

Psychological characteristics of relatives of maintenance hemodialysis patients and intervention strategies

目的探讨血液透析病人亲属焦虑的特点及心理护理对策。方法采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）对72名血液透析病人陪护亲属在干预前、干预4周后进行测试。采用WJZ心理测验与统计软件分析。结果干预前72名病人亲属的SCL-90的阳性症状均分和躯体化、抑郁、焦虑3项因子高于常模（P〈0．01）；干预前后SCL-90测试结果比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论血液透析病人的亲属大部分存在心理问题，心理干预可以纠正其负性心理，

Objective To explore the anxiety characteristics of the relatives of patients with maintenance hemodialysis and the measures of mental care. Methods SCL-90 was used to investigate the relatives of 72 patients before the nursing intervention and 4 weeks after the intervention. WJZ and statistic software package were used for the analysis. Results The average scores of positive symptoms, somatization, depression and anxiety of the relatives of 72 patients were higher than those of normal （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. The differences in those items had statistical meanings between before and after the intervention （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Most relatives of patents with maintenance hemodialysis have mental disturbance and mental intervention may improve their negative mentalities.