哈尼梯田土地利用空间格局及其变化的信息图谱研究

Research on Information Tupu of Land Use Spatial Pattern and Its Change in Hani Terraced Fields

以云南省元阳县为例,建立土地利用空间格局及变化信息图谱,对其图谱特征进行分析。结果表明:土地利用时空演变征兆图谱更直观形象的揭示区域土地利用变化的基本模式,提供时空复合的表达方式;土地利用斑块形态与空间扩展图谱的建立应用空间格局研究中的相关概念和方法,将微观、宏观层次图形信息与变化过程结合;土地利用变化景观特征图谱建立以度量空间格局变化为目标的景观指数体系。

Taking Yuanyang County in Yunnan Province as an example, based on remote sensing, GIS spatial analysis and statistical analysis model, this paper establishes the information Tupu of land use spatial pattern and its change from the following three aspects： land use spatio-temporal change mode, the expansion process of space, and landscape characteristics. Then it analyzes the characteristics of these Tupu. The results show that： （ 1 ） The established land use spatio-temporal change premonition Tupu can reveal the basic modes of land use change in the study regions more visually, including the quantitative and structural changes of various land use types. Unlike the previous study, it provides the digital and vector graphics information for the further study of its spatio-temporal changes, and can real-timely update, edit, process, and use the time as the axis to describe and explain the process of land use change, and provides a spatio-temporal expression way. （2） The land use patch shapes and spatial expansion Tupu can provide the macroscopic and microscopic information of land use dynamic change. Through establishing mathematical models to analyze the expansion intensity and expansion patterns of various land use types, the land use spatial expansion process can be visualized, abstracted, and modeled, which has a certain theoretical research value for understanding the internal mechanism of spatial changes and then predicting the future land use changes. （3） The fractal dimensions of three land use types of forest, paddy field and garden are all positively correlated with the patch areas. Through the horizontal （the relation between patch area and landscape index） and vertical （the interannual variation of landscape index） quantitative descrip- tion of indexes, the land use change and landscape characteristic Tupu has established the landscape index sys- tem for measuring the changes landscape types） in the study the formulation of sustainable of spatial patterns to analyze the change trend of various land use types （ i. e. the regions, and their relations with human activities, so as to provides the basis for land use policies in the study regions.