新概念军用红外成像系统的发展

Development of new concept military infrared imaging system

未来防御系统对军用红外成像系统提出了更具挑战性的要求,采用常规的设计理念难以实现。近年来,为了发展新一代军用红外成像系统概念,人们从生物界获得了许多启示。介绍了生物视觉系统的演化过程和几类不同的生物视觉系统结构的特点,分析了常规的可见光/红外成像系统存在的主要问题,并具体阐述了基于脊椎动物视网膜视觉机制发展的几种新概念成像系统,包括可变锐度超像素成像器件和基于这种器件发展的大视场、高分辨率、快帧频成像系统,采用数字超分辨率处理技术的灵捷探测、识别红外光电系统,基于动物视网膜视觉机理的亚像元分辨成像器件;阐述了采用小孔成像机制发展的自适应编码孔径可见光/红外成像概念和综合采用透镜成像和小孔成像机制的混合成像系统概念。

Future defense systems put forward more challenging goals for military infrared imaging systems.It is so difficult to achieve them with current infrared imaging system＇s design idea.In recent years,many useful insight from biological vision systems are used in the development of new concepts of next generation military infrared imaging systems.In this paper, the evolvement of biological vision systems and the characteristics of various structures of biological vision systems were summaried.And some issues existing in conventional visible/infrared imaging systems were analyzed.Then several new concept imaging systems based on the retinal visual system of the vertebrate were described.This kind of innovative optical imaging system included：variable acuity foveal FPA and imaging system with wide field of view,high resolution and fast frame rate based on this kind of PFA;agile detection and discrimination infrared system employing superresolution processing technology;subpixel imaging system based on the animal retinal visual mechanism. Furthermore, adaptive coded aperture visible/infrared imaging system based on pinhole imaging visual mechanism and imaging system based on hybrid len and pinhole imaging visual mechanism were discussed.