光电着降导引系统的跟踪和参数测量(英文)

Track and parameter measures in electro-optical landing guidance system

分析和研究了CCD摄影测量算法的精确定位技术,建立了4个信标点空间位置坐标的数学模型,并推导出计算公式,该算法的特点是计算精度高,可实时计算空间目标的坐标位置,从而对空间目标精确定位,在航天、航空技术上有重要的用途。设计了一台直升机着降与回收的光电导引系统,利用2台红外CCD对在直升机两侧机身被半导体激光器照明的4个信标成像,通过对图像的处理和目标识别,提取出信标的位置和恣态信息。使用双摄影测量法模型实时计算出直升机相对于着降点的坐标。使用高性能的DSP系统,实时检测和跟踪双通道图像信号并显示出实验结果。模拟实验结果表明,在8～13m距离内,光电引导系统的距离测量精度达到±5cm,而角度测量精度达到±3°。

The accurate orientation technology of CCD photogrammetry was analyzed , the mathematic model using four beacons to measure the exact position of the object in the space was established, and the calculation formula was deduced. The primary features of photogrammetry was high precision in calculation and able to calculate the real-time position information so as to accomplish the accurate orientation of spatial object. The method had significant useful value in the application of spaceflight and aviation. An electrooptical guidance system was designed for helicopter landing and recovery. Two infrared CCD cameras were used to image the four beacons illuminated by semiconductor lasers on both sides of the helicopter. The beacon position and attitude were extracted through image processing and target identification. The helicopter coordinates in real time were calculated relative to the landing point based on the dual camera photogrammetry （DCP） model. Using the high performance DSP system, two channel image signal were detected and tracked in real time, the experimental results were given. The simulation experiment shows that the measurement accuracy of the distance can reach ±5 cm and the measurement accuracy of the angle can reach ±3° in the distance from 8 m to 13 m for electro-optical guidance system.