窦口鼻道复合体的应用解剖

Applied anatomy of the ostiomeatal complex

目的：确定窦口鼻道复合体的境界，为临床在内窥镜下施行上颌窦手术提供解剖学依据。方法：在６０例成人鼻腔外侧壁的标本上，测量半月裂、钩突、筛泡、额鼻管和筛漏斗的有关数据。并观察了它们相互间的关系以及上颌窦的自然开口。结果：半月裂、钩突、筛泡、额鼻管的长度分别为１５．０ｍｍ，１８．３ｍｍ，１６．２ｍｍ和５．９ｍｍ；钩突与筛泡的高度分别为６．９ｍｍ和５．８ｍｍ；筛漏斗宽３．９ｍｍ、深３．７ｍｍ。上颌窦自然开口９８％在半月裂内，其中６０％位于半月裂后部、３３％位于中部、５％位于前部、１例变异。

Objective:To decide the boundary of ostiomeatal complex and provide the anatomy basis for endoscopic maxillary sinus surgery.Methods:The semilunar hiatus,processus uncinatus,bulla ethmoidalis,frontalnasal duct and ethmoidal infundibulum were measured on 60 adult nasal lateral wall specimens,and the mutural relationship and the natural mouth of maxillary sinus were observed.Results:The lengths of semilunar hiatus,processus uncinatus,bulla ethmidalis and frontalnasal duct were 14.96 mm,18.25 mm,16.23 mm and 5.85 mm respectively;the heights of processus uncinatus and bulla ethmoidalis were 6.90 mm and 5.80 mm separately;the ethmoidal infundibulum was 3.9 mm width and 3.7 mm deep.98% of the natural mouthes of maxillary sinuses were inside the semilunar hiatuses,60% of them opened in the rear,33% of them in the middle,and 5% of them in the front;one of specimens was abnormal.Conclusions:The shape and pathological changes of ostimeatal complex can influence the incidence of nasal sinusitis directly.