新型混合式限流断路器设计及其可靠性分析

Design and Reliability Analysis of a Novel Hybrid Current-limiting Circuit Breaker

混合式限流断路器兼备了机械开关良好的静态特性和固态开关无弧快速分断的动态特性,是国际上断路器研究的新方向。文中提出了一种基于快速晶闸管的新型混合式限流断路器结构,并针对低压场合,开展了2kA/320V混合式限流断路器样机的设计研制工作。深入分析了限流断路器的关断可靠性,证明了关键参数设计的正确性,并对参数设计进行了优化。试验结果表明,自行研制的超高速斥力开关能够在接到分闸指令280μs时间内完成触头分离,将电流转移到由大功率快速晶闸管组成的固态开关电路上,该快速晶闸管开关电路可在最短53μs时间内实现对10kA短路电流的可靠分断。

The hybrid current-limiting circuit breaker with both the static characteristics of a mechanical switch and dynamic characteristics of solid-state switch represents a new concept in international circuit breaker research. A novel hybrid currentlimiting circuit breaker using the high power fast switching thyristor is proposed. A 2 kA/320 V hybrid current-limiting circuit breaker is developed for the low voltage situation. An analysis of the circuit breaker＇ s operational reliability shows that the design of the key parameters is correct. With the parameters optimized, it is shown by the experimental results that the ultra fast mechanical repulsion switch is capable of opening the contact within 280 μs upon receiving the opening signal. The fault current is commutated onto the solid-state high power thyristor composed switch circuit, which can break the fault current of 10 kA in as short as 53 μs.