超声波提取刺嫩芽中齐墩果酸类皂苷的工艺研究

Study of Extracting Oleanolic Saponin from Aralia elata Seem by Ultrasonic Method

以本溪产刺嫩芽为原料,通过单因素试验和正交试验研究了超声波提取刺嫩芽中总皂苷的提取工艺条件和参数。结果表明:刺嫩芽中含有丰富的齐墩果酸类皂苷,皂苷的最大吸收波长为291 nm。皂苷浓度为2～6μg/mL时吸收曲线呈现良好的线性关系。正交试验结果表明:影响超声波提取皂苷的因素从大到小排列依次是料液比、温度、超声波处理时间、乙醇体积分数。当乙醇体积分数为100%,温度为65℃,超声波时间为20 min,料液比1:20时刺嫩芽齐墩果酸类皂苷提取率最大为8.7%。

Aralia elata （Miq） Seem produced in Benxi , Liaoning province was used as raw material. The extracting conditions and parameters of raw saponin from Aralia elata Seem by ultrasonic method was based on the single factor orthogonal test. The results indicated. Aralia elata Seem contains abundant oleanolic acid and homologous saponin, the largest absorb wavelength was 291 nm. If the saponin concentration was from 2 ug/mL to16 ug/mL, the absorb curve presents good linear relation. The saponin concentration could be detected in this concentration range. The orthogonal test demonstrated, the sequence of the affected extracting saponin from the strongest to the weakest was the solvent ratio, the extracting temperature, the ultrasonicassisting time and the concentration of alcohol. The best extracting parameters were as follows, the concentration of alcohol was 100%; the extracting temperature was 65℃. the ultrasonic-assisting time was 20 min; the solvent ratio was 1 ： 20, at this condition the maximum extraction rate were 8.7%.