新安理学盛衰始终的内因探微

Study on Internal Cause of Prosperity and Decline of Xin'an Neo-Confucianism

新安理学的盛衰始终,除了不断变化着的社会历史条件等外部原因外,还有着深刻的内在原因,主要表现为新安理学初始即具有的对朱子学尤其是朱熹本人的尊崇以致于迷信。这一内在原因,深刻地引导、规定和制约着新安理学的存在和发展。同样身为新安学者的戴震,以"志存闻道"为治学旨归,并通过考据学方法,揭示了程朱理学援引老庄、释氏诠释儒学经典的实质,以及因此对儒家思想所造成的巨大危害,从而在根本上颠覆了程朱理学接续孔孟道统的传统观念,消解了新安理学得以成立的思想理论依据,新安理学因此而告终结。

Besides the external ones, in the process of prosperity and decline of Xin＇an neo-Confucianism there are profound internal causes： the worship and even blind faith in Master Zhu＇s theories, especially in Zhu Xi, which internally guided, regulated and restrained the existence and development of Xin＇an neo-Confucianism. Dai Zhen, another Xin＇an scholar, revealed the fact that Cheng-Zhu＇s neo- Confucianism interpreted Confucian classics by citing from Laozi and Zhuangzi, and even from Buddhism, and that this resulted in huge damage to the Confucian thoughts. The above revelation over- turned the conventional idea that Cheng-Zhu followed the doctrines of Confucius and Mencius, and dispelled the theoretical fundamentals of Xin＇an neo-Confucianism. Thereafter, Xin＇an neo-Confucianism came to an end.