论施莱尔马赫的自我意识理论

Schleiermacher's Theory of Self-Consciousness

考察现代神学之父施莱尔马赫的自我意识理论,发现在他那里,情感(直接的自我意识)主要有三层含义:道德觉察、为各种能力奠基的综合活动以及对无限者的把握。通过阐释后两层含义及它们的关系,来探讨施莱尔马赫自我意识理论的贡献及其局限,并寻求可能解决的途径。

This paper tries to study the theory of self-consciousness of Schleiermacher. In his writings, feeling or the immediate self-consciousness has three meanings： a mode of moral discernment, the unifying factor that grounds the various faculties and the apprehension of the infinite. This paper interprets the second and third meanings, explores their relationship, makes clear his contribution to the theory of self-consciousness as well as its difficulty, and at last suggests some possible solutions to his problem.