晋西北抗日根据地的减租与交租问题

Reduction and Payment of Rent in the Anti-Japanese Base Areas in Northwest Shanxi

减租是抗战时期中共解决农民问题的基本政策之一,这一政策从实践层面可分解为两个重要环节,即地主减租与佃户交租。在晋西北抗日根据地,减租并非一帆风顺,主佃双方围绕减租与交租展开激烈较量。在租佃纠纷解决中,政权力量已经显现,展现了中共与地主和佃户三者在此过程中关系"互动"的基本图景。同时,在租佃过程中宗族血缘认同渐趋浓重,既显示了宗族组织在传统乡村社会中的作用,又透视出它对中共政策的某种抵抗力。

Reduction of rent was one of basic policies of the Communist Party of China for solving problems faced by the peasants during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. This policy might be broken down into two important links： reduction of rent by the landlords and payment of rent by the tenants. In the anti-Japanese base areas in Northwest Shanxi the reduction of rent was not plain sailing and the two sides had intense contests with each other over reduction and payment of rent. In mediating the disputes between the two sides, the political power made its force manifest and a picture of interaction among the three sides of the CPC, landlords and tenants appeared. Meanwhile, in the course of handling tenancy relationship, the clan and consanguineous identity was gradually substantiated and presented resistance against the CPC policies, reflecting the difficulties confronted by the CPC in its efforts to penetrate into the rural grassroots levels during the War.