分光计调节难点剖析

Discussion on the Difficulties in Spectrometer Adjustment

分光计调节是大学物理实验的一个重要内容,能有效训练学生的实验技能。由于分光计是一种比较精密的光学测量仪器,在调节使用中须按一定的步骤进行,调节过程复杂,其中调节望远镜聚焦于无穷远和望远镜的光轴垂直于公共转轴的过程是实验中花费时间较长的两个环节。文章分析了两个环节中的原理和难点,并介绍了利用倾斜平面镜进行望远镜的光轴垂直于公共转轴的调节方法。实践证明,该方法能够有效加快分光计的调节速度。

Spectrometer adjustment is an important component of physics experiment in universities, which effectively improves experimental skills of students. Spectrometer is a sophisticated optical measuring instrument and some certain steps are needed in its adjustment. It takes a long time in the two steps ： adjustment of the telescope to infinite distance, and adjustment of the light axes of telescope to be perpendicular to principal spinning axes. The difficulties and principles in the two steps are analyzed in this paper and an efficient adjustment method is suggested, which adjusts the telescope light axes and principal spinning axes at right angle through slant plane mirror. This method proves effective in practice.