中国住宅工程质量问题的循证管理方法及其实证研究(2)--质量控制方法研究

Evidence-management method and confirmatory analysis for quality problems of residential engineering in China(2)

针对倍效因素给住宅工程质量带来的影响,指出对住宅工程质量实施有效管理和控制必须完成两方面的工作:一是要离间因素间的集成,二是要对单因素进行有效的控制和处理。依据循证管理思想,通过质量控制方法的理论分析,确定完成这两方面所需要进行的3个步骤以及所需的3个基本条件,这3个条件分别是实施目标的可控性,实施措施的有效性和实施条件的稳态性。在此基础上,提出了对住宅工程质量实施有效控制的具体方法和程序。为使这一方法具有可操作性,对工程实施过程中工序控制状态与其结果之间的关系进行了理论分析,推证出以工序操作所得实际样本来判定住宅质量控制能力的可行性,并参考其他学科研究成果,确定了住宅质量控制能力的5级判定标准。最后用实例证明了此方法解决当前住宅工程质量问题的有效性。

With respect to the influence of multiplicity factors on the quality of residential constructions, two tasks for quality control and management are pointed out. One, the factor groups should be broken down into single factors. Two, each single factor Should be appropriately dealt with. According to the idea of evidence-management, the two tasks can be accomplished in three steps under three conditions. The three conditions are the controllability of object, validity of measures, and stability of conditions. Furthermore, a residential quality control procedure and the corresponding method are proposed. In order to enable the program to be used in practice, the feasibility to judge residential controlling ability is analyzed by using real samples, and a five-grade judgment standard is established to identify the ability of quality control. A real construction example is presented for validating the method and program.