成虫营养和交配对蝶蛹金小蜂卵巢发育与卵黄发生的影响

Effect of adult nutrition and mating on ovarian development and vitellogenesis in the endoparasitoid,Pteromalus puparum (Hymenoptera:Pteromalidae)

为明确不同因子对蝶蛹金小蜂雌蜂生殖生理的影响,采用ELISA法测定血淋巴中卵黄原蛋白(Vg)和卵巢内卵黄磷蛋白(Vt)的含量,研究成虫取食蔗糖和蜂蜜水及提供雄蜂交配对该蜂卵巢发育和卵黄发生的影响。结果表明,该蜂卵巢在羽化后24h内发育较慢,卵巢管内无成熟卵,而在羽化24h后卵巢快速发育,卵巢管内出现成熟卵。雌蜂取食蜂蜜水,血淋巴中Vg含量在羽化后72h达到最高,约为0.78μg,同时卵巢内Vt含量也达到最高,约为5.8μg。雌蜂取食蔗糖水,血淋巴中Vg含量在羽化后30h达到最高,约为0.62μg,卵巢内Vt的含量在羽化后96h达到最高,约为5.6μg。而对照雌蜂(取食蒸馏水)血淋巴中Vg含量在羽化后24h达到最高,约为0.58μg,卵巢内Vt含量在羽化后48h达到最高,约为4.5μg。此外,取食蔗糖水可以延长雌蜂寿命并促进卵巢发育,但对Vg的合成与摄取均无显著影响;取食蜂蜜水,不仅能延长雌蜂寿命,还对卵黄发生和卵巢发育起显著促进作用,尤其在卵黄发生的后期,达极显著水平。交配未能显著促进该蜂的卵黄发生。

To make clear effect of different factors on physiological reproduction in females Pterornalus puparum, we studied ovarian development and vitellogenesis in the adult females feeding on different nutrition, such as honey and sucrose, and providing males. The results were shown that ovarioles developed slowly within 24 hours after eclosion and no mature oocytes were observed, but in the following 24 hours, oocytes developed quickly and most of oocytes completed egg maturation. Vitellogenin （Vg） of hemo- lymph and vitellin （Vt） of ovary were motritored with indirect double sandwich ELISA developed previously. Hemolymph Vg in adult females feeding on honey increased to high level of 0.78 μg per female at 72 h after eclosion, when ovarian Vt was also at top level of 5.8 μg per female. When adults were feeding with sucrose, the top level of hemolymph Vg was 0.62 μg at 30 h after eclosion, but ovarian Vt increased to high level of 5.6 μg at 96 h after eclosion. However, hemolymph Vg in adult females with food-de- prived increased to high level of 0.58 μg at 24h after eclosion, and ovarian Vt was at top level of 4.5 μg at 48 h after eclosion. In addition, adults feeding on 20% sucrose solution had no marked effect on both hemolymph Vg and ovarian Vt, but increased life expectance of the adult females and ovarian development. However, adults feeding on honey not only had great capacity of prolonging longevity of adult females, but also markedly promoted the vitellogenesis and ovarian development. Mating as a factor had no marked effect on both hemolymph Vg and ovarian Vt.