枯草芽孢杆菌BS80-6对苹果采后炭疽病的控病效果及作用机制

Mechanisms of action and efficacy of Bacillus subtilis BS80-6 active against postharvest anthracnose pathogen on apples

为提高枯草芽孢杆菌的生防效果,通过离子束诱变筛选出BS80-6菌株。利用生物测定方法研究BS80-6菌株及不同处理方法在不同贮藏温度下对采后苹果炭疽病的控制效果和作用机制。结果表明,BS80-6能显著提高对苹果炭疽菌的抑制作用。枯草芽孢杆菌BS80-6对苹果果实炭疽病的防治效果以活菌液效果最好,菌丝生长抑制率为80.14%,孢子萌发抑制率为98.65%,控病效果为60.34%;灭菌液和过滤液对苹果炭疽菌也有一定的抑制效果。贮藏温度明显影响BS80-6对苹果炭疽病的防治效果;接种方式对控病效果影响显著,先接拮抗菌再接病菌的防效好于先接病菌再接拮抗菌。

In order to improve biological control efficacy of Bacillus subtilis to apple anthracnose, by means of bioassay method, the mechanisms of action and efficacy of Bacillus subtilis strain BS80-6, screened by ion implantation, against apple anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides were studied in vitro and on apples, in different conditions. The results showed that BS80-6 was more effective against apple anthracnose. An application of a cell suspension （ 10s cells per mL） of the antagonist in artificial wounds of apples reduced growth of C. gloeosporioides after storage at different temperatures. The inhibitory actions of cell cultures to mycelium growth and to spores germination were 80. 14% and 98.65%, respectively, and the control efficacy with cell cultures to the disease was 60.34% at room temperature. The cell culture of BS80-6 provided better control of apple anthracnose than culture filtrates and autoclaved cells. The store temperatures could affect the control efficacy, disease lesion expansion and formation of acrvulus, significantly. There was better control efficacy in fruits inoculated with spores after BS80-6 than before BS80-6.