论行政指导的制度困境与路径选择

On the Plight and Route Choice of Administrative Guidance

行政指导是现代行政学理论的一个重要范畴,主要指政府根据公共管理的需要,在其职权范围内,通过制定诱导性的法规和政策或者通过运用具体的建议、劝告、鼓励等方式引导社会公众合作以实现一定行政目的的非强制性活动。因其所特有的柔软性、灵活性和民主性等特征,行政指导成为适应中国政府管理的主要手段和行为方式。在现实中,行政指导正面临着发生异化、信息交流"阻隔"过大、缺乏"官民合意"的空间和透明度不够、"黑箱操作"的制度化等困境。本文就当前行政指导面临的制度化困境进行分析,然后从行政指导公开、咨询、听证和责任制度建设等方面提出几点思考。

Administrative guidance is an important area in the modern theory, which means that the government leads the public to cooperate in order to realize the certain administrative purpose by making regulations and policy of inductivity or using the concrete suggestion, advice, encouragement and so on within the range of its functions and powers, according to the actual needs of public management. Because of its peculiar characteristics of plasticity, flexibility and democracy etc.,administration Ruidance becomes main means and behavior of our government and meets the need of social management. In reality, the guidance is facing in alienation, exchange of information “barrier”too large, the lack of “consensual officials and the public” space and not enough transparency, “black-box operation” in the “legitimacy” crisis. This article analyses the institution difficulty which the current administrative guidance faces, then proposes several reflections in disclosure system, hearing system, consultation system and liability system and so on.