长期住院精神疾病患者生存质量及相关因素研究

Study on factors of long-term residential quality of in-patients with mental illness

目的探索长期住院精神疾病患者的生存质量及其影响因素。方法调查2007年2月21日止住院时间超过10年的住院精神疾病患者62例作为对照组,采取干预措施1年后仍在院的59例作为实验组。采用护士用住院病人观察量表(NOSIE),阴性症状量表(SANS),对对照组、实验组分别进行效果评定。结果406例住院精神疾病患者中长期住院62例(15.27%),其中以精神分裂症尤为突出,58例(93.55%);男性高于女性,经χ2检验(P<0.05),有统计学意义;病人的社会支持(亲人、朋友、单位的帮助)均较低;SANS各因子及总分比较有显著性差异(P<0.01),实验组阴性症状改善优于对照组;NOSIE总估计、总积极因素和总消极因素有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论长期住院精神疾病患者的生存质量全面低下,影响因素是多方面的,医务人员的系统干预可提高其生存质量。

Objective To explore long--term hospitalization of patients with mental illness and its impact on quality of life factors. Methods From February 21,2007, more than 10 hospital＇s patients with mental illnesses as control group of 62 cases with intervention,59 cases as the experimental group. With a nurse--patient observation Scale （NOSIE） , the scale of negative symptoms （SANS）, the control group, the experimental group were assessed for effectiveness. Results 406 cases of hospitalized patients with long--term mental illness including 62 cases （15.27%） ,which was particularly prominent in schizophrenia, 58 cases （93.55%）; more in men than in women, the χ^2 test （P 〈0.05）, statistically significant ; the patient＇s social support （family, friends,with the help of units） were lower; factors and SANS scores more significant （P 〈 0.01）, negative symptoms in the experimental group than in the control group; NOSIE total estimated, the positive factors and the negative factors were significant （P 〈0. 01）. Conclusions Long--term hospital patients with mental illness overall have lower quality of life,affecting many factors,intervention of medical personnel systems can improve their quality of life.