双维度下的公共产品概念及其现实意义

Redefinition and Practical Significance of Public Goods under the Dual-dimensions

萨缪尔森等人从经济角度所定义的公共产品概念,忽视了对"公共"的详察,其现实意义受到了质疑。为切实反映公共产品的本质和研究的现实意义,对公共产品概念的界定至少应该从主体维度和客体维度两个方向进行。毕竟,公共产品是一个综合性的概念,并且针对目前歧义产生和争论的焦点,对概念的本质解读应重点落脚于"公共"而不是"产品"。应该说,公共产品本身就是一个综合概念,至少可以体现在主体(政治)和客体(经济)维度上。历史地、具体地认识公共产品的本质,界定其概念,有助于我们透过现象看本质,正确地区分与公共产品相联系的一些社会经济甚至政治现象。

Samuelson and other economists define the concept of public goods only from the perspective of economics while overlooking the ＂public＂ aspect. Such a definition is questionable in the actual sense. To reflect the essential nature of public goods and the practical significance of the research, we need to redefine public goods from the dimensions of subject and object. Public goods is in essence a comprehensive concept and as such, it is mainly embodied in the dimensions of subject （political） and object （economic） . So the interpretation of the concept should focus on public rather than on goods. From a historical perspective, redefining public goods as suggested above enables us to gain an insight into the nature of public goods and thus to distinguish some social and even political factors related to public goods.