不同硅源制剂对小麦白粉病的作用效果及对白粉病菌孢子萌发的影响

Effects of different silicon compounds on wheat powdery mildew and germination of pathogen spores

研究了不同形态硅源制剂二氧化硅纳米粒子溶胶（60nm和100nm）、正硅酸乙酯、硅酸钠对小麦白粉病的作用效果以及对白粉病菌孢子萌发的影响。结果表明，在相同浓度下几种硅源制剂处理盆栽小麦幼苗对白粉病防效分别为48．78％、43．73％、40．31％和33．29％，室内处理小麦离体叶段对白粉病抑制率分别为59．67％、53．51％、51．10％和42．22％。离体叶段接种白粉菌后1．5～2h、6～7h取样，在相差显微镜下观察白粉菌孢子萌发过程，发现这几种硅制剂对白粉菌孢子初生芽管（PGT）的形成几乎没有影响，但对附着胞（AM）的形成有较大影响，其中以二氧化硅纳米粒子溶胶对AM的影响最大。

The effects of different silicon compounds on wheat powdery mildew and germination of pathogen spores were investigated. The results showed that the control efficacies of silica nano-particles （60 nm and 100 nm）, tetraethyl orthosilicate （TEOS） and sodium silicate were 48.78%, 43.73%, 40.31% and 33.29% on wheat seedlings, respectively, and were 59.67%, 53.51%, 51.10% and 42.22% on detached leaf segments, respectively. Formation of primary germ tube （PGT） and appressorium （AM） of pathogen spores were observed under the phase contrast microscope 1.5 - 2 h and 6 - 7 h after inoculation on detached leaf segments. The results indicated that there was tittle effect on PGT for all silicon compounds, however, these compounds could influence formation of AM, and effects of silica nano-particles on AM were the greatest.