场认知方式对心理旋转影响的实验研究

The Experimental Research about the Influence of Field Cognition Mode on Mental Rotation

采用2个2×2×6三因素混合设计实验,以图形和数字为实验材料,探讨能反应个体能力水平差异的场认知方式对心理旋转的影响。两个实验结果均表明:(1)场认知方式的主效应显著,场独立性的被试比场依存性的被试反应时短,且正确率高;两类被试的反应时、正确率曲线具有一致的变化趋势;(2)图形和数字的心理旋转反应时呈倒"V"形状,反应时随着旋转角度的增加而增加,180°时反应时最长,以180°为界,曲线两侧的变化趋势对称;(3)正确率随着旋转角度的增加而降低,呈现"V"状,180°时正确率最低,曲线两侧的变化趋势对称。

The study is mainly aimed at discussing the influence of field cognition mode which can reflect the ability diversity of individual on mental rotation. It presents two parallel mixed designs of three factors （2 × 2 × 6）, with figures and numbers used as experimental materials. The results are threefold. Firstly, the main effects of field cognition mode are significant. The subjects who are field-independent have shorter reaction time than who are field-dependent. Furthermore, the former achieved higher accurateness than the latter. Secondly, two kinds of subjects have the same movement trend in indicators of reaction time and accurateness. Finally, the two experiments support that the reaction time is in linear relation with the gap of two angles and it increases with the growing rotational angles. At 180°, it gets the maximum value and two sides of curves bounding 180° is symmetric, and the curves present the shape of converse＂V＂. The accuracy has the same trend with the reaction time, however along the contrary movement direction, with the growing rotational angle ,it becomes lower. At 180°, it gets the minimum value and two sides of curves bounding 180° is symmetric, and the curves present the shape of ＂V＂.