不同抑郁状态个体对情绪面孔的评价研究

Evaluation of Depressed Persons for Emotional Faces

目的:为探讨不同抑郁状态个体对情绪面孔的效价评价情况。方法:以BDI、SDS、CCMD-3和汉密顿抑郁量表为工具筛选出42名正常对照组、54名抑郁情绪组、17名抑郁康复组和24名抑郁患者组成员,所有被试完成情绪面孔的效价评价任务。结果:发现抑郁患者组和抑郁情绪组对高兴面孔的评价分数显著低于其他两组(F=7.427,p=0.000);抑郁患者组和抑郁康复组对悲伤面孔的评价分数显著低于其他两组(F=4.956,p=0.003);抑郁患者组和抑郁康复组在情绪评价任务中对高兴和中性面孔的反应时显著长于其他两组(F=13.735,p=0.000;F=18.008,p=0.000),对悲伤面孔的反应时与其他两组无显著差异(p>0.05),抑郁患者组对中性面孔的反应时显著长于悲伤面孔(F=4.240,p=0.018)。结论:抑郁个体对正性刺激存在感知缺陷,对负性刺激存在夸大加工倾向和加工易化效应,其中前者是抑郁的状态特征,后两者是抑郁的特质特征。

Objective：This article aims to investigate the evaluation of depressed persons for emotional faces. Methods ： Beck depression inventory （ BDI）, self-rating depression scale （SDS）, CCMD-3 and Hamilton Depression Rating scale for Depression （HRSD）were used to select participants, obtaining 42 controls, 54 ＂depressed＂ participants, 17 formerly depressed patients and 24 current major depressive disorders （MDD）. All participants completed an evaluation task for emotional faces. Results： The evaluation marks of current MDD and ＂depressed＂ participants for happy faces were much lower than those of other two groups （ F = 7. 427,p = 0. 000） ; the evaluation marks of current MDD and formally depressed pa- tients for sad faces were much lower than those of other two groups （ F = 4. 956 ,p = 0.003 ） ; the reaction time （RT） of current MDD and formerly depressed patients for happy and neutral faces was much longer than that of other two groups （F = 13. 735 ,p =0.000） （F = 18. 008,p =0.000） ,and there was no significant difference among four groups for sad faces （p 〉 0. 05 ）, the RT of current MDD for neutral faces was much longer than that for sad faces （ p = 0. 000 ）. Conclusion ： The findings suggest that the depressed individuals lack the ability to perceive positive stimulus, tend to magnify the negative stimulus, and have an excessive facilitation for negative stimulus. Among them,the first one is a state marker of depression, the latter two are the trait-like characteristics of depression.