论四川西北部的羌族及其演变

On the Qiang Nationality in the Western Part of Sichuan and the Evolution

羌族源于西戎,活动在黄河上游,中心在河湟之域(今青海东部及甘肃部分地区),以羊为图腾,由土著戎族结合三苗(蛮人)与华夏族人而形成,尊奉炎帝为祖先。其本族的祖先为戎人无弋爰剑,后形成较多的种落。秦献公派军西征,无弋爰剑之孙卬率羌落避难而西迁。战国末期,"河湟"的羌落又有南迁于岷江上游的蜀族地区(今四川广元、绵阳、德阳、阿坝、广汉地区)者,后形成白马、牦牛、冉駹等羌。历沧桑,至明清或近代,羌族除少数仍称羌外,大都演变为藏、珞巴、彝、纳西、白、基诺、哈尼、普米、傈僳、怒、阿昌、拉祜、缅、景颇、独龙、门巴等族(今四川有羌、藏、彝等族)。川西北羌人等皆尊奉炎黄和禹为祖先,多已汉化。羌族为中华民族和文化的形成做出了积极贡献。

Originated from Xirong, the Qiang nationality lived in the upper reaches of the Yellow river. （ including Gansu, Qinghai and the neighbouring provinces ） Taking rams as the symbol, the Qiang nationality is made up of the Rong, Sanmiao and Huaxia nationalities. They consider the Yan Emperor their forefather and their own ancester is named Wuyi Yuanjian and under the leadership of whom many clans have been set up, During the Qin Xiangong period of the Warring States times, Ang, grandson of Wuyi Yuanjian led the Qiang nationality to move to the west and later some of the Qiang natives again moved to the upper reaches of the Minjiang river in the south. （ including Guangy. uan, Mianyang, Deyang, Aba and Guanghan of Sichuan ） And then the white horse, ox and dragon were formed and expanded to the Xichang regions. Due to the tong long history, most parts of the Qiang nationality have evoluted ex- cept a small part. And that is the reason why there are such minorities as qiang, yi and zang in Sichuan today, Most of the Qiang natives in the northwestern area of Sichuan have been inflenced by the majority and considered Yu as their ancester. Finally the Qiang nationality have contributed much to the Chinese nation and culture.